For the dough, combine the flour, yeast, salt, and sugar in a large bowl. Add the warm water and olive oil, then knead until you have a smooth, elastic dough.
Cover the dough with a clean kitchen towel and let it rise for 1 hour, or until doubled in size.
Meanwhile, prepare the filling: slice the mushrooms, mince the garlic, then combine with the tomato sauce, oregano, and basil.
Preheat the oven to 430°F (220°C).
Divide the risen dough into two equal portions, then roll each out into a circle approximately 10 inches (25 cm) in diameter.
Pile the mushroom filling onto one half of each circle, sprinkle with the grated mozzarella, then fold the other half over to cover the filling. Press the edges firmly to seal.
Brush the top of each calzone with beaten egg, then place on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper.
Bake in the preheated oven for 15-20 minutes, or until golden brown.
Let cool for a few minutes, then serve garnished with fresh basil.
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