Crumble the yeast into the lukewarm milk, add a teaspoon of sugar and a little flour. Stir and let it rest in a warm place for 10 minutes, until foamy. TIP: The yeast is active when it becomes foamy and creamy.
In a large bowl, combine the flour, remaining sugar, salt, and vanilla sugar. This will be the dry base for the dough.
Add the proofed yeast mixture, the egg, and the melted butter. Knead until you have a smooth, medium-soft dough. TIP: Don't add too much flour, or it will become dry!
Cover the dough and let it rise in a warm place for 45-60 minutes, or until doubled in size. Meanwhile, prepare the pear and walnut filling.
Finely chop the pear and roughly chop the walnuts. If the pear is too juicy, pat it dry with a paper towel. TIP: Don't use overripe pears, as they may fall apart during baking.
Roll out the risen dough into a rectangle, then sprinkle the pear and walnut mixture evenly over it.
Shape the stollen: fold it in half lengthwise so that one side slightly covers the other.
Place on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper, cover, and let it rest for another 15 minutes. Preheat the oven to 350°F (180°C) (conventional setting).
Bake for 35-40 minutes, or until golden brown. If the top starts to brown too quickly, cover it with parchment paper.
Let it cool slightly, then dust generously with powdered sugar. TIP: The powdered sugar sticks best when the pastry is still slightly warm.
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