For the dough, combine the flour, yeast, salt, and sugar in a large bowl. Add the warm water and olive oil, then knead until you have a smooth, elastic dough.
Cover the dough with a clean kitchen towel and let it rise for 1 hour, or until doubled in size.
Meanwhile, prepare the filling: mince the garlic, then mix it with the tomato sauce, oregano, and grated Parmesan cheese.
Preheat the oven to 430°F (220°C).
Divide the risen dough into two equal portions, then roll them out into circles, about 10 inches (25 cm) in diameter.
On one half of each circle, spread the tomato filling, sprinkle with grated mozzarella, and arrange the pepperoni slices on top. Fold the other half over the filling and press the edges to seal well.
Brush the top of the calzones with beaten egg, then place them on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper.
Bake in the preheated oven for 15-20 minutes, or until golden brown.
Let cool for a few minutes, then serve hot, garnished with extra Parmesan if desired.
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