Sift the flour into a bowl, then mix in the dry yeast and half of the sugar. Add the warm milk, melted butter, and egg. Knead until you have a smooth, slightly soft dough. Cover and let rise in a warm place for 1 hour.
Meanwhile, prepare the poppy seed filling: heat the milk with the remaining sugar and the seeds scraped from the vanilla bean. Stir in the ground poppy seeds until smooth, then let cool completely. Tip: For a thicker filling, add a little breadcrumbs.
On a lightly floured surface, roll out the risen dough into an oval shape. Spread with the cooled poppy seed and vanilla filling, then fold one of the long edges over the other.
Place the shaped dough on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper and let rest for another 30 minutes. Preheat the oven to 350°F (180°C) using the upper and lower heat setting.
Bake for 35–40 minutes, or until golden brown. If necessary, cover towards the end of baking to prevent burning.
Let cool completely, then dust with powdered sugar. Tip: It tastes best after 3–4 days stored in a cool place, when the flavors of the dough and filling have melded.
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