In a small bowl, combine the lukewarm water with the sugar and yeast. Let it stand for 10 minutes, until foamy.
In a large bowl, whisk together the flour and salt. Add the proofed yeast mixture and the melted butter.
Knead until a smooth, elastic dough forms. Cover with a kitchen towel and let rise for 1 hour, or until doubled in size.
Divide the dough into equal portions and shape them into buns. Let them rest for 15 minutes.
In a large pot, bring water to a boil and add the baking soda. Poach each bun in the hot water for 30 seconds, then place them on a baking sheet lined with parchment paper.
Sprinkle the tops of the buns with coarse salt. Using a sharp knife, make a few slits on top of each bun.
Preheat oven to 430°F (220°C) and bake for 15-20 minutes, or until the buns are golden brown and crusty.
Let cool completely on a wire rack. Enjoy fresh or filled with your favorite ingredients!
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