Thoroughly wash the white cabbage, discard the outer leaves, and shred it finely using a sharp knife or mandoline.
Place the shredded cabbage in a large bowl. Sprinkle the salt over it and massage it vigorously until it begins to release its juices.
Add the caraway seeds, bay leaves, and black peppercorns, then mix well to ensure the spices are evenly distributed.
Pack the cabbage firmly into a clean fermentation jar or crock, pressing down on it to release any trapped air and ensure it's submerged in its own liquid.
Pour the water over the cabbage, ensuring it remains submerged. If needed, place a fermentation weight on top to keep the cabbage below the liquid level.
Cover the jar with a clean cloth or lid and store in a cool, dark place away from direct sunlight. Let it ferment for 7-14 days, checking daily to ensure the cabbage remains submerged.
Once the sauerkraut has reached your desired level of tanginess, skim off any surface scum, seal the jar tightly, and refrigerate for long-term storage.
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